Circularity in Textiles: Circular Sustainability Trends in the UK Textiles Industry

Circularity is a growing trend in textile sustainability, a sustainable choice for purchasing fashion clothing created by using sustainable, recycled fabrics. In this type of economy, items never become waste; they are reused, refurbished or involved in a recycling project.

The term ‘circular fashion’ describes clothes that have gone ‘full circle’. When fabrics are made into fast fashion garments that aren’t sustainable or designed to be recycled or reused, we call this ‘linear fashion’. In contrast, ‘circular fashion’ focuses on reducing the amount of waste generated by producing clothing, recycling fabrics and improving the fashion industry’s environmental footprint.

Circular fashion involves creating long-lasting, timeless garments using eco-friendly materials that are recycled or upcycled and manufactured sustainably, using less water and energy and avoiding toxic chemicals in the manufacturing process. This transformative solution to the fast fashion industry also considers pollution and climate change. It provides an opportunity for creative minds to find innovative ways of producing clothing in an en environmentally conscious way.

Circularity Sustainability

In a circular system, products and materials are never wasted. They are regenerated through various processes such as recycling products, refurbishing, re-manufacturing and composting.

Being circular involves three principles:

1. Eliminating waste and pollution.
2. Regenerating products and materials.
3. Regenerating nature. This involves moving from a linear economy to a circular one.

When an economy is circular, it "supports natural processes and lets nature thrive". In this situation, we reduce waste production. This more resilient structure is better for humans, the business industry, and the environment. 

How to Move to a Circular Economy

The global focus is transforming the linear structure by managing the system and altering our throw-away economy. This involves eliminating waste, circulating resources and regenerating nature.

We need to change the system we use to manufacture and produce products and what we do with them so they don’t end as waste.

UK charity, WRAP, together with OC&C Strategy Consultants researched circular versus linear industries and found that circular industries have grown twice as fast as linear ones since 2020.

They listed the advantages of a circular economy as:

• Being able to cut costs on raw materials, energy use and disposal.
• An increase in consumer and brand loyalty, achieved by appealing to customers focused on sustainability.
• Adding revenue streams with different products and services.

Circularity in Textiles in 2026

After “building a business case and testing solutions’, WRAP, the NGO focusing on global environmental action we mentioned above, has created the UK Textiles Pact Roadmap, which “charts the course for navigating the climate-critical years… from 2026 through to 2030”. The Roadmap covers a “Voluntary Action Towards Circularity” to “reduce the impacts of climate change”. It aims to help “the UK fashion and textiles sector” reach “a trajectory to reduce carbon emissions by 50% and water use by 30% by 2030”, by transitioning to circularity.

The Roadmap, which provides “the framework for change”,  calls for “sharper focus, stronger alignment, and a decisive shift away from business as usual to deliver on the Pact’s targets”.

The 2030 Strategy of the European Commission

In 2022, the European Commission created a “Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles”, which considers the entire lifestyle of all fabric products, and proposes “coordinated actions to change how we produce and consume textiles”. Its objectives: “to create a greener, more competitive sector that is more resistant to global shocks” by 2030.

The strategy focuses on:

• All fabric products on the EU market becoming “durable, repairable and recyclable, to a great extent made of recycled fibres, free of hazardous substances”.
• Not following Fast Fashion by purchasing high-quality, affordable fabric items.
• Offering profitable services for the reuse and repair of fabric products.
• Creating a “competitive, resilient and innovative” fabric industry, where “producers take responsibility for their products along the value chain with sufficient capacities for recycling and minimal incineration and landfilling”.

A Sustainability Leader in Textiles

Global textile giant Lindström, which operates throughout Europe and Asia, continues to focus on “sustainability, circular economy principles and customer-focused digital strategies” in 2026. This is under the group’s 2030 Strategy entiled “We Care – We Shine – We Grow”.

The groupuses circular business models “designed to reduce the over-production of textiles and conserve natural resources”. It quotes statistics on textile waste from earth.org: 

1. Every year, manufacturers produce 1.92 million tonnes of textile waste. 
2. Global emissions from the clothing industry will increase by 50% by 2030.
3. Fashion is responsible for 20% of global water waste.
4. It takes 20,000 litres of water to produce 1kg of cotton.
5. Almost 10% of microplastics dispersed in the sea every year come from textiles.

The brand’s circular business model “reduces textile overproduction by extending the lifetime of textiles and by producing new textiles only when needed”. In their workwear manufacturing facilities, Prodems, they produce products on demand, which they describe as “an effective way to eliminate the textile obsolete risk in our stocks”.

Their conservation methods for natural resources includes optimising “the use of water and energy in our laundries and customer delivery loads and routes”. During the washing process, they “recycle water and use heat from wastewater to warm fresh water”. They also recycle textiles “as new products or raw materials”.

Follow our Circular Textiles Initiative

At maake we, follow the lead of giants like Lindström. We also produce and print on textiles sustainably. We won the 2023 Twyg Awards for Most Ethical Fabric and Best Custom Printing. Here are our suggestions on how to become more circular:

1. Minimise Your Impact

• Give textiles a second life (that’s what recycling is all about), instead of producing more. 
• Manufacture new textiles on demand – and only as much as a customer orders.
• Ensure the textiles are hard-wearing.
• Produce textiles in the most sustainable way possible.
• Be more innovative in recycling clothing and textiles.
• Close the loop: reduce excessive textile production.
• Conserve natural resources – we use water and energy as sparingly as possible.

2. Create Circular Business Models – Give Textiles a Second Life

McKinsey published an informative piece on being circular. Their data explains how, by reducing the amount of waste manufacturers currently produce, we could use more sustainable tools and methods to manufacture products. Manufacturers that are being unsustainable are responsible for creating extensive emissions.

If a business changes the way it manufactures products, this doesn't mean it will produce less. On the contrary. It will waste less!

Just like we do at maake, that business example would print on demand. It would print only the amount of fabric a customer orders; no more.

The maakeLess Waste Initiative

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In addition, the textiles offcuts we end up with at maake are part of a recycling initiative we call the maake Less Waste initiative. This is our ‘Zero-to-landfill’ recycling initiative: we find uses for any ‘waste’ textiles generated in our production process. Best of all, we give these circular textiles away free to customers! It’s our way of reducing fast fashion and excess waste in textiles.

We offer Upcycling Bags in 3 sizes – small (approximately 1kg), medium (around 2kg) and large (up to 15kg). We fill the bags with selected offcuts of textiles – cotton, velvet, linen etc.

The textiles we are recycling are usually plain white, ivory or a natural colour. Sometimes we include a few printed textiles as well. This is perfect to use for a variety of home and office projects. The fabrics are normally full width (140-150cm), and vary in length from 20cm up to 2m.

All one has to do is add one or more Upcycling Bag to your shopping cart (they are free, no matter how many you add). If you wish to save on carbon emissions and collect the textiles yourself instead of us delivering them to you, you can do that. All you need to do is click and collect.

We also reward you with a maake Less Waste initiative certificate that you can share with friends and followers on social media!

Order your free Upcycling Bags here!

Circular Supply Models Around the World

Globally, governments are endorsing the circular route, Britian included. In February 2025, the government announced a plan to establish the first centre for circular economic research in the world, backed by the UN.

This is part of the government’s aim to “transition to a greener future”. It is called the International Centre of Excellence on Sustainable Resource Management in the Circular Economy. The centre links to five institutions that undertake research, including the University College London (UCL), the University of Exeter, Brunel University London, Swansea University and the British Geological Survey.

How to be Part of the Circular Economy

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On its website, international wool brand Woolmark explains that wool “can help brands enter more easily into the development of circular products”. 

“Circular design of textile products in the textile industry uses regenerative materials, ensures clothes are used more often and provides pathways for reuse, textile recycling processes and biodegradation at end-of-life,” it says. This is what regenerative fashion is about.

The website provides insight into circular textiles and discusses using and recycling textiles like wool, with textile circularity. Wool is a perfect example of a “100% natural, renewable and biodegradable” resource, which is also great quality.

Biodegradable textiles such as wool contain no microplastics, so they do not pollute our oceans or land. However, synthetic textiles are different.

Woolmark says British design brand Victoria Beckham is the perfect example of a circular fashion brand that “showcases being circular with wool” using high quality textiles.

The brand used the natural dyeing process from Tintoria di Quaregna for its 2024 knitwear collection. Tintoria di Quaregna is a Woolmark licensee.

Beckham's entire collection featured high-quality sustainable materials and standards. It also featured a label on each quality garment where future owners could write their names. This encourages “the use phase of each product to be extended”. Woolmark believes that to extend the life of textile products, we “can reduce their environmental impact by up to 68%”.

Something to Inspire You

We have compiled extensive information on sustainability in textiles. For more information and inspiration for your business, why not check out these informative blogs:

• Designer Brands Embrace Sustainable Luxury
• New Life for Old Fabrics – Upcycling & Recycling
• Digital Textiles in Fashion & Design
• Sustainable Fabric Dyeing & Textile Innovations